thalweg
TAHL-veg
The line of deepest and fastest flow in a river channel. The thalweg snakes from one outer bank to the next as the river passes through its bends — it is the river's true path, the thread of maximum energy. In winter, it's often the last part to freeze, visible as a sinuous thread of open water in an otherwise iced-over stream.
Etymology
German — Tal (valley) + Weg (way, path). The path of the valley. Also used in international law: when a river forms a political boundary, the thalweg is typically the border.
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